
Photo: Ramesh Shenai · CC-BY (May be cropped or resized)
Tetracerus quadricornis
Diet
Grasses, herbs, shrubs, foliage, flowers and fruit; Grewia hirsuta often eaten
Habitat
Deciduous forest
Range
Central, South and Western India, with a smaller population in Nepal
Litter size
1–2 calves
Gestation period
About 8 months
Size
Shoulder height 55–64cm
Weight
About 17–22kg
The four-horned antelope, or chousingha, is a small antelope with a slender build, thin legs, a short tail and a yellowish-tan, sometimes reddish or goldenrod coat. Its four horns are unique among antelopes: the longer pair, 8–12 cm, sits between the ears, and the shorter pair, usually 2–5 cm and sometimes a mere fur-covered stud, is on the forehead. It stands 55–64 cm at the shoulder and weighs about 17–22 kg. Horns emerge at 10 to 14 months (Wikipedia, general species account).
It is native to central, South and Western India, with a smaller population in Nepal. Once more common in India's deciduous forests, it now survives in disjunct, fragmented populations, and inbreeding is a potential threat. It is diurnal and typically solitary, sometimes in loose groups of three to five, and eats grasses, herbs, shrubs, foliage, flowers and fruit, often the shrub Grewia hirsuta. Gestation is about eight months, with one or two calves that stay with the mother for about a year. The Indian muntjac and hog deer can be confused with it (Wikipedia, general species account).